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D a ta s h e e t , V e r s io n 1 . 0 , Ap r il 2 0 0 0
CoolSETTM
TDA 16822
Off-Line Current Mode Controller with CoolMOSTM on board
Power Conversion
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Edition 2000-04-11 Published by Infineon Technologies AG, St.-Martin-Strasse 53, D-81541 Munchen
(c) Infineon Technologies AG 1999.
All Rights Reserved. Attention please! The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as warranted characteristics. Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved. We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein. Infineon Technologies is an approved CECC manufacturer. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office in Germany or our Infineon Technologies Representatives worldwide (see address list). Warnings Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.
TDA 16822 Revision History: Previous Version: Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) 2000-04-11 April 2000
For questions on technology, delivery and prices please contact the Infineon Technologies Offices in Germany or the Infineon Technologies Companies and Representatives worldwide: see our webpage at http://www.infineon.com CoolMOSTM, CoolSETTM are trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG.
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TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
Off-Line SMPS Current Mode Controller with CoolMOSTM on board
Features
* PWM controller + CoolMOSTM within one compact package * 650V (1) avalanche rugged CoolMOSTM * Typical RDSon= 3 Ohm * Standard DIP-8 package up to 20W * Only few external components required * Low start up current * Improved current mode control for low load conditions * Input Undervoltage Lockout * Max duty cycle 72% * latched thermal shut down when Tj=140C of PWM controller * Overload and open loop protection by hiccup mode * Overvoltage protection during hiccup mode * Overall tolerance of current limiting < 5% * adjustable peak current limitation via external resistor * current overshoot minimization dependent on dI/dt
P-DIP-8-6 Description
The TDA 16822 is a current mode pulse width modulator with built in CoolMOSTM transistor. It fulfils the requirement of minimum external control circuitry for a flyback application. Current mode control means that the current through the CoolMOSTM transistor is compared with a reference signal derived from the output voltage of the flyback application. The result of that comparision determines the on-time of the CoolMOSTM transistor. The accuracy of the switching frequency is highly sophisticated due to temperature compensation. Furthermore overload and open loop protection is implemented by sensing the feedback line. This means in case of overload or open loop the IC is working in protection mode.
Typical Application
+
85 ... 270 VAC
RStart-up
Snubber
Converter DC Output
-
CVCC
VCC
PWM-Controller Power Management
Drain
Feedback
CoolMOSTM
SoftS
CSoft Start Soft-Start Control
PWM Controller Current Mode
FB
Protection Unit
Feedback
TDA 16822
GND
Isense
RSense
Type TDA 16822
Datasheet
Ordering Code Q67000-A9449
4
Package P-DIP-8-6
April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
1 Pin Configuration and Outline Dimension (top view) P-DIP-8-6
SoftS FB Isense Drain
1 2 3 4 TDA 16822
8 7 6 5
GND VCC N.C. Drain
Figure 1
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Symbol SoftS FB Isense Drain Drain N.C. VCC GND
Function Soft-Start Feedback Controller Current Sense Input, CoolMOSTM Source Output 650V (1) CoolMOSTM Drain 650V (1) CoolMOSTM Drain Not connected Controller Supply Voltage Controller Ground
(1): at Tj = 110C
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
2 Electrical Characteristics 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Note: Absolute maximum ratings are defined as ratings, which when being exceeded may lead to destruction of the integrated circuit. For the same reason make sure, that any capacitor that will be connected to pin 7 (VCC) is discharged before assembling the application circuit.
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values min. max. 17 650 1.5 2.5 0.1 6.5 6.5 3 150 150 90
Unit
Remarks
VCC supply voltage Drain Source Voltage Continous Drain Current Avalanche energy, repetitive tAR limited by Tjmax1)
VCC VDS ID IAR
-0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -40 -50 -
V V A A mJ V V V C C K/W P-DIP-8-6 IAR=2.5A VDD=50V Tj=110C
Avalanche current, repetitive tAR EAR limited by Tjmax FB Voltage SoftS Voltage ISense Junction temperature Storage temperature Thermal resistance
1)
VFB VSoftS ISense Tj TS RthJA
Repetitive avalanche causes additional power losses that can be calculated as PAV = EAR*f
2.2 Operating Range
Note: Within the operating range the IC operates as described in the functional description.
Symbol Limit Values min. VCC supply voltage Junction temperature Ambient temperature VCC TJ TA VCCon -25 -25 max. 17 130 100 V C C Controller Unit Remarks
Parameter
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
2.3 Characteristics Supply Section
Note: The electrical characteristics involve the spread of values guaranteed within the specified supply voltage and ambient temperature range TA from - 25 C to 100 C.Typical values represent the median values, which are related to 25C. If not otherwise stated, a supply voltage of VCC = 15 V is assumed.
Parameter
Symbol min.
Limit Values typ. 85 5 6.5 14 9 5 max. 125 7 8 14.5 9.5 6
Unit
Test Condition
Start up current Supply current with inactiv CoolMOSTM Supply current with activ CoolMOSTM VCC Turn-On Threshold VCC Turn-Off Threshold VCC Turn-On/Off Hysteresis
IVCC1 IVCC2 IVCC3 VCCon VCCoff VCCHY
13.5 8.5 4
uA mA mA V V V
VCC < 8.5V VSoftS = 0 IFB = 0
Internal Voltage Reference
Parameter Symbol min. Trimmed reference voltage Temperature coefficient VREF VREF VREF 6.35 Limit Values typ. 6.55 0.2 max. 6.75 V mV/C Measured at pin FB Unit Test Condition
Feedback & Soft-Start
Parameter Symbol min. VFB operating range min level Feedback resistance Temperature coefficient RFB Soft-Start resistance Temperature coefficient RSoft-Start VFB1 RFB TK RFB RSoft-Start 3.0 42 Limit Values typ. 0.8 3.7 600 50 600 max. 4.9 62 V kOhm ppm/C kOhm ppm/C Unit Test Condition
TK RSoft-Start -
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
Oscillator
Parameter Symbol min. Frequency Temperature Coefficient fswitch TK fswitch 93 Limit Values typ. 100 1000 max. 107 kHz ppm/C Unit Test Condition
Protection Unit
Parameter Symbol min. Over load & open loop detection limit Activation limit of overload & open loop detection Deactivation limit of overvoltage detection Overvoltage detection limit Thermal Shutdown VFB2 VSoft-Start1 VSoft-Start2 VVCC TjSD 4.5 5.0 3.8 15.3 130 Limit Values typ. 4.8 5.3 4 16 140 max. 5.1 5.6 4.2 16.7 150 V V V V C VSoft-Start > 5.3V VFB > 4.8V VFB < 4.8V VCC > 16V VSoft-Start < 4V VFB > 4.8V guaranted by design Unit Test Condition
Current Limiting (Current Sense CS)
Parameter Symbol min. CS threshold (incl. propagation delay time) (see Figure 4) Vcsth 0.97 Limit Values typ. 1.02 max. 1.07 V RSense=2Ohm dI/dt<0.5A/us Unit Test Condition
CoolMOSTM Section
Parameter Symbol min. Drain source breakdown voltage Drain source avalanche breakdown voltage Drain source on-resistance V(BR)DSS V(BR)DS RDSon 600 650 Limit Values typ. 700 3 0.1 10 40 20 max. 3.8 7 V V V Ohm Ohm uA pF ns ns Tj=25C Tj=110C Tj=25C Tj=25C Tj=120C UGS=0V UDS0=V to 480V Unit Test Condition
Zero gate voltage drain current IDSS Output Capacitance Rise time Fall time COSS trise tfall
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
PWM Section
Parameter Symbol min. Max duty cycle Min duty cycle OP gain OP gain bandwidth OP phase margin Dmax Dmin Av Bw w 0.67 0 3.45 Limit Values typ. 0.72 3.65 4 90 max. 0.77 3.95 MHz VFB = 0V Unit Test Condition
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
Output Capacitance Coss versus VDS 100
Overcurrent Shutdown, Ipk=0.5A normative drain current
1,6
80
Coss / pF
1,5
60
1,4
Vcsth / V
40 50 60 70 80 90 10 0
40 20 0
1,3 1,2 1,1 1 0,9 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2
VDS / V
dI/dt / A/us
Figure 2
Figure 4
Sw itching frequency versus temperature
10 1 1 08 1 06 1 04
f / kHz
1 02 1 00 98 96 94 92 90 -25 0 25 50 75 1 00 1 25 1 50
Temp / C
Figure 3
Datasheet 10 April 2000
Figure 5
+
Datasheet
Snubber
-
85 ... 270 VAC CVCC
RStart-up
Converter DC Output
VCC
Power Management Undervoltage Lockout
14V 9V
Drain
Internal Bias
10V
C4
Power-Down Reset Oscillator
Duty Cycle max 100kHz
0.7
3 Representative Blockdiagramm
6.5V G1
Clock
C1 Power-Up Reset Soft Start PW M-Latch Driver
S Q
Voltage Reference
16V
6.5V 5.3V 4.8V 4.0V
RSoft-Start Soft-Start Comparator
C2
SoftS
4V
11
G2 G4
R Q
CSoft-Start
G3
S Q R Q
C5
5.3V
Delay 5us
T1 Error-Latch
0.8V
6.5V PW Comparator M Current-Limit Comparator Vcsth
RFB
C3
4.8V
FB
Thermal Shutdown PWM OP x3.65 Current Mode Current Limiting Propagation-Delay Compensation
Tj >140C
Optocoupler
Protection Unit
TDA 16822
Isense
RSense
GND
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
4 Operation Description
Power Management The undervoltage lockout monitors the external supply voltage VCC. When VCC exceeds the on-threshold VCCon=14V, the internal bias circuit and the voltage reference are switched on. Additionally the error-latch in the protection unit is reset. The internal bandgap generates a reference voltage VREF=6.55V to supply the internal circuits. When VCC falls below the offthreshold VCCoff=9V the circuit is switched off. Then the power down reset discharges the soft-start capacitor CSoft-Start at pin SoftS by switching on T1. During start up the current consumption is only about 100uA. Improved Current Mode - PWM-OP The input of the PWM-OP is applied to the external sense resistor RSense connected to pin ISense. RSense allows an individual adjustment of maximum CoolMOSTM source current with very low tolerance of maximum current threshold. RSense converts the source current of the CoolMOSTM into a sense voltage. The sense voltage is amplified with a gain of 3.65. Then the amplified signal is superimposed on a virtual ramp of 0.8V. Under low load conditions the source current of the CoolMOSTM is insufficient to built a voltage ramp for the PWM-Comparator. To guaranted a proper operation at low load the virtual ramp is the reference signal for the PWM-Comparator. The output of the PWM-OP is connected to the positive inputs of the PWM-Comparator and the Soft-Start-Comparator. - PWM-Comparator The PWM-Comparator compares the sensed current signal of the CoolMOSTM with the feedback signal VFB . VFB is created by an external optocoupler or external transistor in combination with the internal pullup resistor RFB and provides the information of the feedback circuitry. When the amplified current signal of the CoolMOSTM exceeds the signal VFB the PWMComparator switches off the CoolMOSTM. Soft-Start The Soft-Start is realized by the internal Soft-StartComparator and pullup resistor RSoft-Start. The SoftStart-Comparator compares the voltage at pin SoftS at the negative input with the ramp-signal of the PWM-OP at the positive input. When the Soft-Start voltage VSoftStart is less than the Feedback voltage VFB the SoftStart-Comparator limits the pulse width by reseting the driver. The Soft-Start also controls the starting phase of the hiccup mode by the Comparators C2 and C5 in case of overload or open loop. The Soft-Start voltage is generated by an external capacitor CSoft-Start at pin SoftS and the internal pullup resistor RSoft-Start by charging the external capacitor CSoft-Start. Current Limiting
There is a cycle by cycle current limiting realised with the Current-Limiting Comparator. The CoolMOSTM source current is sensed via an external sense resistor RSense. When the voltage VSense at RSense exceeds the internal threshold voltage Vcsth the Current-LimitComparator immediately turns off the gate drive. - Propagation Delay Compensation Concerning circuit delay there is an overshoot of the peak current Ipk which depends on the ratio of dI/dt of the peak current. A propagation delay compensation is integrated to bound the tolerance of the current limiting at +/-5% plus the tolerances of RSense. This means the propagation delay time between exceeding the current sense threshold Vcsth and CoolMOSTM switch off is compensated within a range of
0
dI 0 .5 A / s dt
E.g. Ipk=0.5A at fswitch=100kHz. Without propagation delay compensation the current sense threshold is set to Vcsth=1V. A current ramp of dI/dt=0.4A/us and a propagation delay time of tcsth-delay=180ns leads to an Ipk overshoot of 12%. With the propagation delay compensation the overshoot is only about 2%. A current ramp of dI/dt=0.1A/us leads to an overshoot of 3% in both cases, with and without compensation. For further information see Figure 4 on page 8. Oscillator The oscillator generates a frequency fswitch = 100kHz. A resistor, a capacitor and a current source which determine the frequency are integrated. The charging and discharging current of the implemented oscillator capacitor are internally trimmed, in order to achieve a very high accuracy switching frequency. The ratio of controlled charge to discharge current is adjusted to reach a maximum PWM duty cycle Dmax=0.72. PWM-Latch The oscillator clock output applies a set pulse to the PWM-Latch when initiating the CoolMOSTM conduction. After setting the PWM-Latch can be reset by the PWM-OP, the Soft-Start-Comparator, the Current-Limit-Comparator or the Error-Latch of the Protection Unit. In case of reseting the driver is shut down directly. Driver The driver-stage drives the gate of the CoolMOSTM and is optimized to minimize EMI and to provide high circuit efficiency. This is done by reducing the switch on slope when reaching the CoolMOSTM threshold. Thus the leading switch on spike is minimized. When CoolMOSTM is switched off, the falling shape of the driver is slowed down when reaching 2V to prevent an overshoot below ground. Furthermore the driver circuit is designed to eliminate cross conduction of the output stage.
Datasheet
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April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
Protection Unit (Hiccup Mode) An overload and open loop protection is integrated within the Protection Unit. These two failure modes are latched by an Error-Latch. Additional thermal shutdown and undervoltage protection of VCC is latched by the Error-Latch. In case of these failure modes the ErrorLatch is set after a delay of 5us and CoolMOSTM is shut down. This delay prevents the Error-Latch from spikes during normal operation mode. -Overload & Open loop with normal load The detection of open loop or overload is provided by the Comparator C3, C5 and the AND-gate G2. The detection is activated by C5 when the voltage at pin SoftS exceeds 5.3V. Henceforth the comparator C3 can set the Error-Latch in case of open loop or overload which leads the feedback voltage VFB to exceed the threshold of 4.8V. After latching VCC decreases till 9V. At this time the external Soft-Start capacitor is discharged by the internal transistor T1 due to Power Down Reset.
Overload & Open loop/normal load
FB 4.8V Failure Detection 5us Delay
When the IC is inactive VCC increases till 14V. Now the Error-Latch is reset by Power Up Reset and the external Soft-Start capacitor CSoft-Start is charged by the internal pullup resistor RSoft-Start. During the Soft-Start phase which ends when the voltage at pin SoftS exceeds 6V the detection of overload and open loop by C3 and G2 is inactive. In this way the start up phase is not detected as an overload. But after the Soft-Start phase the start up phase must be finished to force the voltage at FB under the failure detection threshold of 4.8V. Figure 6 shows the hiccup mode in case of overload or open loop with normal load. -Open loop with no load An additional protection by the comparators C1, C2 and the AND-gate G1 is implemented. In case of open loop and no load condition the burst phase during hiccup mode is finished early. In this situation the converter output voltage increases and also VCC.
Open loop & no load condition
FB 4.8V Failure Detection 5us Delay
SoftS
Soft-Start Phase
t
t SoftS 5.3V Soft-Start Phase
5.3V 4V Overvoltage Detection Phase
Driver
TBurst THiccup
t
Driver
TBurst THiccup
t
t VCC 16V 14V 9V Overvoltage Detection
t VCC 14V 9V
t
t
Figure 7
An overvoltage protection is provided by Comparator C1 in the first time till the Soft-Start voltage exceeds the threshold of the Comparator C2 at 4V and the voltage
Figure 6
Datasheet
13
April 2000
TDA 16822 CoolSETTM
at FB is above 4.8V. This combination is to prevent the normal operation mode from overvoltage protection due to varying of VCC concerning the regulation of the converter output. Figure 7 shows the hiccup mode for open loop and no load condition. -Undervoltage Protection There is an undervoltage protection of VCC realised by the Comparator C4. In case VCC falls below 10V the Comparator C4 immediately turns off the gate drive by means of the Error-Latch. This is to provide only defined switching of the CoolMOSTM. -Thermal shutdown Thermal shutdown is latched by the Error-Latch when junction temperature of the pwm controller is exceeding an internal threshold of 140C.
Datasheet
14
April 2000
Total Quality Management
Qualitat hat fur uns eine umfassende Bedeutung. Wir wollen allen Ihren Anspruchen in der bestmoglichen Weise gerecht werden. Es geht uns also nicht nur um die Produktqualitat - unsere Anstrengungen gelten gleichermaen der Lieferqualitat und Logistik, dem Service und Support sowie allen sonstigen Beratungs- und Betreuungsleistungen. Dazu gehort eine bestimmte Geisteshaltung unserer Mitarbeiter. Total Quality im Denken und Handeln gegenuber Kollegen, Lieferanten und Ihnen, unserem Kunden. Unsere Leitlinie ist jede Aufgabe mit Null Fehlern" zu losen - in offener Sichtweise auch uber den eigenen Arbeitsplatz hinaus - und uns standig zu verbessern. Unternehmensweit orientieren wir uns dabei auch an top" (Time Optimized Processes), um Ihnen durch groere Schnelligkeit den entscheidenden Wettbewerbsvorsprung zu verschaffen. Geben Sie uns die Chance, hohe Leistung durch umfassende Qualitat zu beweisen. Wir werden Sie uberzeugen. Quality takes on an all encompassing significance at Semiconductor Group. For us it means living up to each and every one of your demands in the best possible way. So we are not only concerned with product quality. We direct our efforts equally at quality of supply and logistics, service and support, as well as all the other ways in which we advise and attend to you. Part of this is the very special attitude of our staff. Total Quality in thought and deed, towards co-workers, suppliers and you, our customer. Our guideline is "do everything with zero defects", in an open manner that is demonstrated beyond your immediate workplace, and to constantly improve. Throughout the corporation we also think in terms of Time Optimized Processes (top), greater speed on our part to give you that decisive competitive edge. Give us the chance to prove the best of performance through the best of quality - you will be convinced.
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